Present Perfect Irregular Verbs Spanish

A Quick Grammer Guide to Nowadays Perfect Irregulars in Spanish

Accept y'all come across present perfect irregulars in your Spanish classes?

Practise you know which verbs have present perfect irregulars? Do yous know the rules for this group of irregular verb forms?

If you want to know the answers, read on. I'll reveal all the secrets about present perfect irregulars and tell you how to distinguish them from adjectives. You'll likewise take an opportunity to practice your new knowledge with a few exercises.

Let's start!

A Quick Refresher on Present Perfect

English speakers who written report Spanish love the present perfect tense. Why? Considering information technology works just the same fashion equally in English. Yous class information technology in a similar fashion and utilise it for the same things. What's not to dear? Permit's take a closer look.

How to Form the Nowadays Perfect

In English, the formula is: "take" + past participle of the main verb. In Spanish, it works the same way:

Auxiliary verb haber + past participle of the main verb

For instance:

Yo he hablado.
I accept spoken.

Nosotros hemos bailado.
We have danced.

To form sentences in the nowadays perfect tense, you need to know how to conjugate the verb haber and how to construct past participle forms.

How to Conjugate the Auxiliary Verb haber

SPANISH	English language
Yo he	I take
Tú has	You lot take
Él, ella, usted ha	She, he, it has (fml. You have)
Nosotros hemos	Nosotros have
Ustedes han	You have
Ellos, ellas han	They have

Recall that the letter of the alphabet h is silent in Spanish; don't pronounce information technology.

How to Create Regular Past Participle Forms

By participles are verb forms that can role as an describing word (I'll tell you more nigh that subsequently) or as part of perfect tenses.

The past participles in Spanish stop in -ado for -ar conjugations and -ido for both -ar and -ir conjugations. They are easy to course. Just take off the infinitive ending, -ar, -er, or –ir, and add the by participle ending -ado or -ido.

Amar (to love) – amado (loved)

Vivir (to love) – vivido (lived)

Comer (to eat) – comido (eaten)

For example:

Yo siempre he amado solo una persona.
I have e'er loved but one person.

Hemos bebido mucho jugo en las últimas dos horas.
We have drunk lots of juice over the final two hours.

Ellos han vivido aquí toda la vida.
They have lived here all their life.

Easy, isn't it?

When to Utilize Present Perfect in Spanish

But like in English, you utilise nowadays perfect in Spanish to talk nearly actions, events, and states that started in the past and go on in the present.

He jugado fútbol todos los martes desde 2005.
I accept played soccer every Tuesday since 2005.

He vivido aquí por muchos años.
I have lived here for many years.

We likewise use it to talk near the contempo by, although information technology'southward more common in Spain than in Latin America.

He comprado pan y mantequilla.
I accept bought breadstuff and butter.

Nowadays Perfect Irregulars

You have surely discovered past now that all Spanish tenses have their irregularities. Allow'due south talk virtually present perfect irregulars.

In Spanish, only the -ir conjugation has present perfect irregulars. They don't follow the -ido rules but are… irregular.

I'll split up them into two groups, to make them easier to remember.

ane. Accented Past Participle Forms

Some -er and -ir verbs whose stem (the part that stays afterward removing the infinite ending) ends in a vowel have an accent mark over the letter i in the by participle forms.

Here are some examples.

Castilian	ENGLISH
atraer – atra í do	to attract – attracted
caer – ca í do	to fall – fallen
creer – cre í do	to believe – believed
leer – le í do	to read – read
oir – o í do	to hear – heard
poseer – pose í do	to possess – possessed
reír – reído	to express mirth – laughed
sonreír – sonre í do	to smile – smiled
traer – tra í do	to bring – brought

No me has traído tus documentos.
You lot haven't brought me your documents.

¡He leído toda la serie!
I have read the whole series.

Note that verbs catastrophe in -uir never accept an accented i in their by participle form.

construir (to build) – construido

fluir (to menses) – fluido

destruir (to destroy) – destruido

Mi tío ha construido la mayoría de estas casas.
My uncle has congenital most of these houses.

La tormenta ha destruido un buen pedazo de la playa.
The storm has destroyed a big chunk of the beach.

ii. Irregular Past Participles

Yet, there are many present perfect irregulars that follow no rules, and you'll accept to acquire them by heart. Don't worry, the more than y'all'll use them, the more natural they will audio.

SPANISH	English language
abrir – abierto	to open – opened
absolver – absuelto	to atone – absolved
cubrir – cubierto	to cover – covered
decir – dicho	to say – said
escribir – escrito	to write – written
hacer – hecho	to do – done
morir – muerto	to die – died
poner – puesto	to put – put
resolver – resuelto	to solve – solved
romper – roto	to interruption – broken
satisfacer – satisfecho	to satisfy – satisfied
ver – visto	to see – seen
volver – vuelto	to render – returned

Los alumnos han vuelto a las escuelas después de las vacaciones.
Tbe students have returned to school after the holidays.

Han hecho la tarea?
Have you washed your homework?

Ya he visto esta película.
I have seen this movie.

All the in a higher place verbs can be used with prefixes and maintain their nowadays perfect irregular forms.

descubrir (to discover) – descubierto (discovered)

revolver (to scramble) – revuelto (scrambled)

deshacer (to undo) – deshecho (undone)

He descubierto un gran secreto, ¿te lo digo?
I have discovered a big cloak-and-dagger, shall I tell you?

Bonus: Past Participle or Adjective?

Some time agone, many verbs in Spanish had two past participle forms: a regular and an irregular i. Today, the irregular forms of these verbs are considered adjectives, and the regular ones are past participle forms.

Do yous desire to run across some of them?

Atender – to nourish

adjective: atento (attentive)

past participle: atendido (attended)

Hay que estar atento en clase.
Y'all have to be circumspect in class.

He atendido muchas conferencias últimamente.
I have attended many conferences lately.

Bendecir – to bless

adjective: bendito (blessed, holy)

past participle: bendecido (blessed)

Aquí hace falta el agua bendita.
Here nosotros need the holy water.

El cura ha bendecido a los fieles.
The priest has blessed the faithful.

Confundir – to confuse

adjective: confuso (confused, confusing)

past participle: confundio (confused)

Esto es un poco confuso, me lo explicas por favor.
This is a scrap disruptive, please explicate it to me.

He estado confundido todo este tiempo.
I've been confused all the time.

Corromper – to corrupt

adjective: corrupto (corrupt)

past participle: corrompido (corrupted)

Este es un sistema corrupto.
This is a corrupt organisation.

Todo el sistema se ha corrompido.
The whole system has been corrupted.

Despertar – to wake

adjective: despierto (awake)

by participle: despertado (woken up)

Tienes que estar despierto toda la noche.
Yous take to be awake all nighttime.

Me he despertado tarde, lo siento
I have woken upwardly late, I'k sorry.

Poseer – to own

describing word: poseso (maniac, fanatic)

past participle: poseído (possessed)

Reía como un poseso.
He laughed similar a maniac.

He poseído grandes poderes.
I have possessed great powers.

Presumir – to show off

adjective: presunto (alleged, presumed)

past participle: presumido (showed off)

Es un culpable presunto.
He is an alleged culprit.

Me has presumido tu coche todo el día.
You've been showing off your car to me all day.

Suspender – to append

describing word: suspenso (suspenseful)

past participle: suspendio (suspended, discontinued)

Es una suspensa película.
Information technology's a suspenseful movie.

Lo han suspendido en sus funciones.
They accept suspended him from his duties.

At that place are merely three verbs in Spanish that have two acceptable by participle forms:

imprimir – imprimido, impreso

He imprimido / impreso dos copias.
I have printed two copies.

freír – freído, frito

¿Has freído / frito los huevos?
Have you fried the eggs?

proveer – proveído, provisto

La empresa ha proveído / provisto lo necesario.
The company has provided what is necessary.

Present Perfect Irregulars: Practice Exercises

Let's see if you take learned the present perfect irregulars. What's the correct past participle form in these sentences?

1. ¿Has _______ la nota? (escribir)

ii. No les olvidaré lo que me han _______. (hacer)

3. El mesero ha _______ nuestra orden. (traer)

4. ¿Qué has _______? (decir)

5. ¿Quién ha _______ la comida en el lavabo? (poner)

6. Quiero hablar contigo pero mi celular está _______. (romper)

seven. Nunca he _______ tus mentiras. (creer)

eight. He _______ el pastel con chocolate. (cubiri)

nine. El azúcar se ha _______ por completo. (disolver)

10. Nunca la he _______. (ver)

Click here for the answers and the translation of sentences.

Practice Time

As y'all tin see, present perfect irregulars are not complicated. Notwithstanding, you'll need to dedicate some time and memorize them. It'southward always easier if you employ them in context and practice with someone else. To learn more, bank check out Present Tense Verbs in Spanish, Office 3: The Nowadays Perfect Tense.

To polish your present perfect irregulars and learn how to use them in conversation, sign up for a gratis course with i of our friendly and professional native speakers from Guatemala.

Set to acquire more than Castilian grammar? Bank check these out!

Reply Key

escrito
hecho
traído
dicho
puesto
roto
creído
cubierto
disuelto
visto

Translations

Have you written the notation?
I will not forget what they have done to me.
The waiter has brought our order.
What have you lot said?
Who has put the food in the sink?
I want to talk to you but my cellphone is cleaved.
I have never believed your lies.
I take covered the cake with chocolate.
The sugar has completely dissolved.
I have never seen her.

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I'yard a Spanish philologist, instructor, and freelance writer with a Primary'due south caste in Humanities from Madrid. I speak Polish, Castilian, and English fluently, and want to get ameliorate in Portuguese and German. A lover of literature, and Mexican spicy cuisine, I've lived in Poland, Spain, and Mexico and I'thou currently living and teaching in Madeira, Portugal.